In steering systems, which arrangement uses a pinion gear that engages a track with teeth and tie rods at both ends?

• A. Recirculating Ball
• B. Electric Power Steering
• C. Hydraulic Steering
• D. Rack & Pinion

Answer: (D)

The key idea is a direct mechanism that converts the steering wheel’s rotational motion into lateral movement of the wheels. In this setup, a pinion gear attached to the steering shaft engages a long toothed rack. As you turn the steering wheel, the pinion moves the rack left or right. The ends of that rack connect to tie rods, which transfer the motion to the steering arms on both front wheels, producing steering input at both wheels.

This arrangement—pinion meshing with a rack and tie rods at each end—is exactly what defines a rack-and-pinion system, which is why it’s the best answer. Recirculating ball describes a different internal mechanism inside a steering box and doesn’t rely on a pinion-to-rack interaction. Electric or hydraulic refers to how the system is assisted, not the fundamental layout; they can accompany rack-and-pinion, but the described setup specifically identifies rack and pinion.